Chronic Granulomatous Disease and Neutrophil Extracellular Traps

Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) results from mutations affecting phagocyte NADPH oxidase subunits, leading to impaired microbial killing and increased vulnerability to severe infections, particularly from Aspergillus species. This study reveals that neutrophils utilize extracellular traps (NETs) to combat Aspergillus, demonstrating that gene therapy can restore NET formation in a patient with X-linked CGD. The research highlights the importance of NET-associated calprotectin in enhancing antifungal activity through zinc sequestration, offering insights into potential therapeutic strategies for CGD patients.