Discourse on the state of the Jews

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In 1638, a concise book of 92 pages was published in Venice, titled “Discourse on the State of the Jews and in particular those dwelling in the illustrious city of Venice.” Dedicated to the Doge and his counsellors, who are called “lovers of Truth,” it was authored by Simone (Simḥa) Luzzatto, a rabbi who served the Venetian Jewish community for over fifty years. Luzzatto presents a bold political thesis: Venice can reverse its decline by granting Jews a monopoly on overseas trade, as they are particularly adept at commerce compared to others, such as “foreigners.” He begins by noting that trade and usury are the only occupations allowed for Jews, and within their historical context, Venetian Jews excelled in trade with Eastern Mediterranean partners. Luzzatto argues that their skills could benefit the Venetian government, enhancing its role as an intermediary between East and West. He uniquely defines the Jewish role based on economic and social functions, moving beyond traditional views of Judaism's privileged religious status. Additionally, his philosophical and political scepticism adds depth to his defense of Venetian Jews. This edition seeks to make his works accessible to English-speaking audiences, aiming to inspire new research into Jewish culture and philosophy, highlighting the interactions between Jews and surrounding Christian and secular cultures.