Classic Reprint Series - 2: The Provinces of the Roman Empire From Caesar to Diocletian

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The Parthian empire served as a genuine counterpart to Rome, with both exhibiting unique governance structures. In Parthia, the Oriental vice royals are rare, mirroring the scarcity of Greek cities in Rome. The overarching Oriental aristocracy of the Parthian regime remains largely unaffected by the Greek mercantile towns along its western coast, just as the Roman civic organization is not diminished by the vassal kingdoms of Cappadocia and Armenia. Under the Caesars, the romano-Greek urban commonwealth expands, becoming the primary administrative form, characterized by the establishment of towns—an essential aspect of helleno-Roman civilization. This includes not only Greek mercantile cities and military colonies but also the grand settlements established by Alexander and his successors. However, this trend abruptly halts with the rise of the Parthian government in the East, leading to a decline in the existing Greek cities within the Parthian realm. In both empires, the prevailing rule increasingly overshadows the exceptions. Forgotten Books aims to preserve important historical works, utilizing advanced technology to digitally reconstruct texts while maintaining their original format and addressing imperfections.