Theory of scientific realism, Constructivism and conventionalism

Scientific realism posits that the universe described by science is genuinely real, regardless of interpretations. It addresses the success of science, particularly concerning unobservable entities mentioned in scientific theories. Proponents argue that valid claims can be made about these unobservables, equating their ontological status with that of observables, contrasting with instrumentalism. The philosophy emphasizes a positive epistemic approach to the findings of scientific inquiry, encompassing both observable and unobservable elements of the universe.