Douglas Hofstadter Orden de los libros

Sie steigen in einen Aufzug, mit dem Sie noch nie zuvor gefahren sind. Wissen Sie, was Sie tun müssen, um nach oben zu kommen? Natürlich – und der Grund dafür sind die Analogien: Der Aufzug funktioniert wie alle anderen Aufzüge. Alles, was wir wissen, setzen wir in Beziehungen und schaffen es dadurch, Ähnlichkeiten zu entdecken, uns im Chaos der Welt zurechtzufinden. Diese Ähnlichkeiten machen wir uns täglich und meist ganz unbewusst im Umgang mit Neuem und Fremdem zunutze. Wie dieses Feuerwerk des Denkens »funktioniert«, das zeigen Douglas Hofstadter, brillanter Autor und Pulitzer-Preisträger, und der Psychologe Emmanuel Sander. Sie nehmen uns mit auf eine abenteuerliche Reise in die Welt der Sprache und des Geistes – und sie zeigen uns, warum Gedanken ohne Einfluss der Vergangenheit undenkbar sind. Ein inspirierendes Lesevergnügen!

Shows how analogy-making pervades human thought at all levels, influencing the choice of words and phrases in speech, providing guidance in unfamiliar situations, and giving rise to great acts of imagination.

"It is only a slight exaggeration to say that the British mathematician Alan Turing (1912-1954) saved the Allies from the Nazis, invented the computer and artificial intelligence, and anticipated gay liberation by decades--all before his suicide at age forty-one. This New York Times?bestselling biography of the founder of computer science, with a new preface by the author that addresses Turing?s royal pardon in 2013, is the definitive account of an extraordinary mind and life."--Amazon.com.

Includes reminiscences, a festschrift, and the final annotations Gardner made to the Alice books post 'definitive edition,' and an authoritative bibliography of his Carroll-related writings.

What do we mean when we say “I”? Can thought arise out of matter? Can a self, a soul, a consciousness, an “I” arise out of mere matter? If it cannot, then how can you or I be here? I Am a Strange Loop argues that the key to understanding selves and consciousness is the “strange loop”—a special kind of abstract feedback loop inhabiting our brains. Deep down, a human brain is a chaotic seething soup of particles, on a higher level it is a jungle of neurons, and on a yet higher level it is a network of abstractions that we call “symbols.” The most central and complex symbol in your brain or mine is the one we both call “I.” The “I” is the nexus in our brain where the levels feed back into each other and flip causality upside down, with symbols seeming to have free will and to have gained the paradoxical ability to push particles around, rather than the reverse. For each human being, this “I” seems to be the realest thing in the world. But how can such a mysterious abstraction be real—or is our “I” merely a convenient fiction? Does an “I” exert genuine power over the particles in our brain, or is it helplessly pushed around by the all-powerful laws of physics? These are the mysteries tackled in I Am a Strange Loop, Douglas R. Hofstadter’s first book-length journey into philosophy since Gödel, Escher, Bach. Compulsively readable and endlessly thought-provoking, this is the book Hofstadter’s many readers have long been waiting for.

"There is perhaps no better way to prepare for the scientific breakthroughs of tomorrow than to learn the language of geometry." ―Brian Greene, author of The Elegant Universe The word "geometry" brings to mind an array of mathematical circles, triangles, the Pythagorean Theorem. Yet geometry is so much more than shapes and numbers; indeed, it governs much of our lives―from architecture and microchips to car design, animated movies, the molecules of food, even our own body chemistry. And as Siobhan Roberts elegantly conveys in The King of Infinite Space , there can be no better guide to the majesty of geometry than Donald Coxeter, perhaps the greatest geometer of the twentieth century. Many of the greatest names in intellectual history―Pythagoras, Plato, Archimedes, Euclid― were geometers, and their creativity and achievements illuminate those of Coxeter, revealing geometry to be a living, ever-evolving endeavor, an intellectual adventure that has always been a building block of civilization. Coxeter's special contributions―his famed Coxeter groups and Coxeter diagrams―have been called by other mathematicians "tools as essential as numbers themselves," but his greatest achievement was to almost single-handedly preserve the tradition of classical geometry when it was under attack in a mathematical era that valued all things austere and rational. Coxeter also inspired many outside the field of mathematics. Artist M. C. Escher credited Coxeter with triggering his legendary Circle Limit patterns, while futurist/inventor Buckminster Fuller acknowledged that his famed geodesic dome owed much to Coxeter's vision. The King of Infinite Space is an elegant portal into the fascinating, arcane world of geometry.

CONTENIDO: El problema de la consistencia - Pruebas absolutas de consistencia - La codificación sistemática de la lógica formal - Un ejemplo de una prueba absoluta de consistencia - La idea de representación y su empleo en las matemáticas - Las pruebas de Gödel.

A gripping story of mathematics, computers, cryptography, and homosexual persecution. Hodges tells how Turing's revolutionary idea of 1936-- the concept of a universal machine-- laid the foundation for the modern computer. Turing brought the idea to practical realization in 1945 with his electronic design. This work was directly related to Turing's leading role in breaking the German Enigma ciphers during World War II, a scientific triumph that was critical to Allied victory in the Atlantic. Despite his wartime service, Turing was eventually arrested, stripped of his security clearance, and forced to undergo a humiliating treatment program-- all for trying to live honestly in a society that defined homosexuality as a crime

Readers of earlier works by Douglas Hofstadter will find this book a natural extension of his style and his ideas about creativity and analogy; in addition, psychologists, philosophers, and artificial-intelligence researchers will find in this elaborate web of ingenious ideas a deep and challenging new view of mind.