Neurotraumatology

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This comprehensive work delves into various aspects of neurotraumatology and its implications in forensic pathology. It covers biomechanical factors related to head trauma, including modeling and injury mechanisms, and explores the mechanical perspectives of impact traumatic brain injury. The text discusses unique types of contrecoup injuries and the origins of brain stem hemorrhages, alongside the regulation of gene expression related to neuronal apoptosis following traumatic brain injury. It examines cytokine gene transcription profiles in contused spinal cord and genomic responses to brain injury, highlighting potential therapeutic interventions. The role of apolipoprotein E in head injury and its connection to Alzheimer-type pathology is also analyzed. The pathogenesis of axonal injury in both animal and human brains is addressed, along with the lesions affecting axons and dendrites in spinal cord trauma. The incidence and biomechanics of axonal injury in forensic neuropathology are detailed, as well as the processes of de- and regeneration after traumatic and ischemic nerve lesions. Additionally, the text discusses microglial responses as pathology sensors in the CNS, staging of CNS white matter lesions, and gene expression changes following axotomy. It also investigates cell swelling effects from alcohol in neural trauma and the mechanisms behind mass effects in cerebral contusion, concluding with insights into biomechan