NMR spectroscopy in drug development and analysis

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Since the development of the NMR spectrometer in the 1950s, NMR spectra have been essential for elucidating the 2D structures of newly synthesized and natural compounds. The introduction of high-resolution NMR spectrometers and 2D experiments in the 1980s enabled the determination of 3D structures of large biomolecules. Despite its potential, NMR spectroscopy has been underutilized in drug analysis. This book demonstrates the power and versatility of NMR in identifying impurities and content in drugs, analyzing polymer excipients, characterizing isomeric mixtures, and understanding drug behavior in various pH environments. It highlights the effectiveness of NMR, particularly when combined with HPLC, for measuring drugs and their metabolites in body fluids. The solid-state NMR technique provides insights into the structure and conformation of drugs and excipients in formulations. Additionally, the concept of SAR by NMR has showcased NMR’s role in drug development and in studying interactions between large molecules and ligands, including complexation with proteins, lipids, and cyclodextrins. NMR imaging techniques, such as MRI and MRS, are also discussed for their ability to visualize drug release from formulations and track substance distribution in plants, animals, tissues, and humans. Overall, this book comprehensively addresses all aspects of drug analysis.