Renal development and disease: from gene screening to functional genomics ; 15 tables

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Functional genomics is best defined as a tool-kit consisting of a variety of molecular, cellular, and whole-animal approaches, all directed towards elucidation of the role played by genes and their encoded products in maintaining physiological performance or triggering pathologic events. These elements are not controlled by a single gene, but by an ensemble of genes and their products which support the integrated functions of an organ. Understanding the 'wholeness' of these ensembles represents thus a major challenge for functional It is the spatial and temporal mapping of these processes that constitutes the ultimate goal of biomedical research. This publication is intended to facilitate the recognition of the challenge ahead to provide the tools to address the special requirements of kidney research. Several reviews included describe technical approaches to gene screening, other reviews offer examples of the complexities of gene function in various disease states.