Kastell und Friedhöfe der Spätantike in Straubing

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Straubing, with its fortifications and burial sites, serves as an ideal location for examining the transition from Late Antiquity to the Early Middle Ages. The site features a Claudio-Neronian military post, succeeded by the Early Flavian western fortress [fortress IV] and the Middle Flavian eastern fortress, which persisted into the 2nd half of the 3rd century [I-III]. A late 3rd-century fortress, approximately 0.3 ha in size on the St. Peter church hill, continued into the 5th century without significant population change, despite Iuthungian destruction in 357/8. An Early Flavian harbor existed at the mouth of the Allachbach stream until the 7th century. The cemeteries Azlburg 1 and 2, containing 156 burials from 290/300 to 450, follow a Middle Empire cemetery beneath the old town. These cemeteries can be divided into four phases and are well-documented, allowing for the reconstruction of tree-trunk coffins and plank boxes. The higher proportion and age of males in Azlburg 2 suggest a direct link to the military site. Strontium analyses of bones and teeth indicated that individuals, initially thought to be of Elbe-Germanic descent based on grave goods, were actually local inhabitants.