India and China

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In recent years, China and India have captured the attention of academics, students, the media, and the public, transitioning from perceived sleeping giants to key drivers of global economic growth. Both ancient civilizations were once major economic powers before European colonization. Following India's independence in 1947 and the establishment of the People's Republic of China in 1949, both nations embraced a government-led, self-sustaining economic model. However, their global trade shares significantly declined until economic reforms in China and India in 1978 and 1991, respectively, led to greater integration into global markets and substantial economic growth. Despite rising simultaneously, the pace of development differs markedly, with China consistently outperforming India across various economic indicators. This study aims to highlight these asymmetries and explore India's potential to catch up with China and the implications for Sino-Indian relations. A historical overview of over 2,000 years of economic ties serves as the foundation, followed by a comparative analysis of both economies using indicators like growth, poverty reduction, and market integration. The study also delves into bilateral trade relations, identifying areas for cooperation and conflict, and analyzes their roles in global trade, including key import and export products. Finally, a dynamic analysis assesses whether India can close the gap with Ch