Trust and violence

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The limitation of violence through state powers is a key project of modernity, yet recent centuries have been marked by bloodshed. In this work, Jan Philipp Reemtsma explores the paradox that efforts to reduce violence have been accompanied by the misconception that it is abnormal and incomprehensible. He argues that recognizing violence as a normal aspect of human behavior is essential. Reemtsma posits that understanding violence requires an examination of trust, asserting that true power lies not in violence but in the ability to foster trust. He supports his argument with a historical analysis of ideas about violence, referencing thinkers from ancient philosophy to modern theorists, and examining specific instances of extreme violence, including medieval torture and the Holocaust. Despite the grim nature of his analysis, Reemtsma notes that even dictators rely on trust; they cannot solely depend on violence for their security. Authoritarian leaders must cultivate trust while employing non-violent means to gain loyalty. Thus, the history of violence reveals a complex interplay between violence and trust, highlighting trust's vital role in human society. This insightful exploration spans philosophy, sociology, and political theory, offering a thought-provoking perspective on two fundamental aspects of our world.