Teacher education in primary and secondary schools (6–18-year-old students)

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Despite the significant physical distance between China and Germany, their strengthening ties and the use of modern technology have fostered cooperation across various sectors, including education. Both nations prioritize enhancing the quality of teacher education within their educational reforms, recognizing the crucial role teachers play in the learning process. They have implemented effective measures to improve teacher training and ensure teaching competency. By comparing teacher education in both countries—covering pre-service, induction, and in-service training—similarities and differences can be identified, offering insights into each other’s practices to enhance teacher education and promote educational collaboration. The author provides essential information about teacher education in both nations, defining key concepts and establishing a theoretical foundation. Through comprehensive descriptions and comparisons of pre-service education, induction, and in-service training, the author examines the similarities and differences in educational approaches. Additionally, an analysis of educational management measures, such as admissions, appointment, treatment, and assessment systems, reveals advantages that can enhance teacher quality and quantity. Ultimately, the author identifies shortcomings in teacher education in both countries and offers suggestions for improvement to meet the evolving demands of primary and seconda