Chips 2020

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Present-day cell phones feature chips with billions of sub-100-nanometer transistors, but by 2020, we will encounter systems-on-chips with trillions of 10-nanometer transistors. This marks the limit of miniaturization, as smaller transistors become unreliable due to statistical fluctuations. Additionally, there is a looming energy crisis; within five years, current chip technology could lead to the internet consuming all global electrical power. The book outlines a sustainable roadmap for ultra-low-energy (femto-Joule), high-performance electronics, emphasizing energy efficiency across chip functions: sensing, processing, and communication. It introduces innovative architectures like silicon brains, ultra-low-voltage circuits, energy harvesting, and 3D silicon technologies. Contributions from industry leaders and researchers explore the future of nanoelectronics, including ubiquitous communication via mobile companions, health support through autonomous implants and personal carebots, and intelligent co-pilots for safe mobility. The text also highlights internet-based education for a billion learners. This resource is invaluable for students, educators, researchers, managers, investors, and policymakers involved in the future of electronics. Topics covered include the transition from microelectronics to nanoelectronics, chip technology advancements, power-efficient design challenges, and the implications of the energy crisis.