The troubled relationship of the emerging powers and the effective development cooperation agenda

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The Development Assistance Committee of the OECD established a Global Partnership for Effective Development Cooperation (GPEDC) in 2011, which gained significance when China, India, and Brazil joined as South-South Cooperation providers. Their participation was seen as a step towards integrating these emerging powers into the post-war liberal order. However, within a few years, all three countries exited the GPEDC. This paper examines their initial involvement, reasons for departure, and potential pathways for re-engagement. The first section outlines the historical tensions between the effectiveness agenda and SSC providers. The second section delves into the reasons behind the emerging powers' exit, identifying "identity" and associated donor responsibilities as primary factors. It employs a burden-sharing model to analyze the breakdown of cooperation, highlighting a lack of trust and communication among donors and emerging powers, as well as the recipient countries' failure to facilitate a cohesive partnership. The final section presents recommendations for revitalizing the GPEDC, emphasizing a commitment-based agenda rather than mere dialogue. It acknowledges the changed context since the emerging powers' departure and suggests re-engaging them through "self-differentiated" commitments, akin to the burden-sharing formula in the Paris climate agreement. Strengthening the GPEDC is essential for achieving the ambitious Su