Influence of the injector geometry on mixing and lift-off of premixed jet flames in hot cross flow

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Lean premixed single-stage combustion is state of the art for low pollution combustion in heavy-duty gas turbines with gaseous fuels. The application of premixed jets in multi-stage combustion is a promising approach to lower nitric oxide emissions and to enhance turn-down ratio. In this work mixing and jet flame lift-off heights are investigated experimentally. Mixing is optimized by varying jet nozzle geometries and described with correlations. A parameter study is conducted to identify the influencing variables of flame lift-off. Finally, a new model is developed to predict the lift-off height of premixed jet flames in hot cross flow.