A Controlled Phase Gate Between a Single Atom and an Optical Photon

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The thesis presents significant advancements in scalable quantum networks through the experimental realization of a deterministic interaction between flying optical photons and trapped atoms. It highlights the nondestructive detection of optical photons using single rubidium atoms in a three-dimensional optical lattice within a strong coupling regime. The research demonstrates complete control over atomic states and employs a state-dependent phase shift to facilitate the generation of entangled states and a universal quantum gate, paving the way for enhanced quantum communication technologies.