The Role of Languaging in Spoken Discourse

The paper presents an empirical study exploring the concept of "languaging," a term derived from Merrill Swain's output hypothesis, which emphasizes the significance of language production in second language learning (SLL). It demonstrates that engaging in languaging can effectively aid language acquisition and suggests its incorporation into modern SLL practices. Additionally, the study highlights how errors in language use often stem from interferences with learners' native or other foreign languages, aiming to enhance awareness among both learners and educators about these challenges.