Comparing Empires

Focusing on the overlooked empires of Portugal and the Netherlands, the author utilizes rare manuscripts and maps to reevaluate their influence compared to Spain, France, and England, extending to the US. The narrative spans from early Portuguese explorations in Africa to the Spanish-American War of 1898, highlighting the tensions and evolving rivalries that shaped imperial dynamics. This comprehensive examination offers fresh insights into the complex interactions between these historical powers.