Factorization and Primality Testing

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Exploring the concept of divisibility, this work delves into the historical significance of numbers and their relationships within various civilizations. It highlights the fascination with "smooth" numbers, such as 360, which can be evenly divided, contrasting them with indivisible integers like 7 and 13 that hold mystical qualities. The text also discusses the ancient Greeks' discovery that every integer can be expressed as a unique product of prime numbers, emphasizing the importance of prime factorization in understanding divisors.