Criminalising Hate

The book introduces a new theoretical framework for understanding the criminalization of hate, termed "law as social justice liberalism." It critiques the past 30 years of hate crime legislation, highlighting the inadequacies in addressing the unique harms of hate-based offenses. Advocating for an expanded view of harm in criminal law, it emphasizes the need to recognize hate crimes as social injustices. Utilizing Iris Young's work, the text analyzes the impacts of hate crimes as group oppression and proposes criteria for defining protected characteristics in legislation.