Max Ernst 1891-1976

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A convinced supporter of the avant-gardes of his time, Max Ernst's debut occurs with expressionist paintings, later transitioning to Dadaism and, influenced by the painting of Giorgio De Chirico, creating works and collages in which heterogeneous objects and figures coexist in ambiguous and surreal situations. In addition to discovering De Chirico, Ernst's knowledge of Freud and psychoanalysis, along with his direct experience as a student in psychiatric hospitals, significantly contributed to the definition of Ernst's unique Dadaism. The most important technique invented by Max Ernst is frottage, which involves placing a sheet on a rough surface such as wood, leaf, or stone and rubbing with a pencil to reveal the drawing of the underlying irregularities. As the drawing progresses, in the hints of random figures, the artist sees images of strange animals, objects, landscapes, and mysterious forms, which are completed with outlines and some details, making the vision recognizable to all.