Thermodynamics and kinetics of biological processes

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This monograph explores various aspects of statistical nonequilibrium thermodynamics, beginning with general problems related to nonlinear irreversible processes and the thermodynamic analysis of statistical properties in dynamic systems. It discusses the entropy increase problem and stability in quantum mechanics, as well as the relationship between the H-Theorem and minimum entropy production. The text delves into nonequilibrium phase transitions, particularly in chemical and biological systems, and examines Brownian motion in autooscillation systems. It addresses nonequilibrium fluctuations and irreversible processes far from thermal equilibrium. Kinetic equations are presented, including the generalized Fokker-Planck equation and diffusion approximations for Markov processes, alongside extremal principles and catastrophe theory in stochastic models. The work further investigates phenomenological nonequilibrium thermodynamics, focusing on irreversible thermodynamics away from equilibrium, thermodynamic flux structuring, and axiomatic models. It integrates concepts such as the Second Lyapunov Method and variational principles. In ecology, the text analyzes correlation decay in ecological models, kinetics of nonequilibrium processes, and mathematical modeling of biocenosis. It also addresses natural selection and optimality principles. The reaction of organisms to external factors is examined, including energy metabolism